The Museum of Slavonia which has, from its very foundation, been a complex museum, has stored natural scientific exhibits as well, although they were coming to the Museum at a different pace. Particularly attractive were the paleontologic finds discovered during archeological excavations, as well as natural scientific collections' donations by individuals, among which we should like to single out the first larger natural scientific collection - the Emerik Hild's malacological collection from 1898.

In time, the collection gained in importance, and the need arose to establish a separate department, providing at the same time professional treatment and care. However, the holdings were distributed among several Museum's departments. The largest part was kept at the Museum's Department of Archeology. A separate department was established in 1994, enabling a high quality systematic collection, keeping, processing, and presentation of natural scientific exhibits.

Natural scientific exhibits are kept in the following collections: